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Nanometer and Square Nanometer – A Short Note

A nanometer (symbol: nm) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to:

1 nanometer = 10⁻⁹ meters

Nanometers are widely used to measure things at the molecular and atomic scale, such as the size of molecules, wavelengths of light, and features in nanotechnology. For example, the diameter of a DNA molecule is about 2 nanometers.

A square nanometer (symbol: nm²) is a unit of area, representing a square with each side one nanometer long:

1 nm² = (10⁻⁹ m) × (10⁻⁹ m) = 10⁻¹⁸ m²

Square nanometers are used to describe very small surface areas, such as the surface of nanoparticles or thin films.

In summary:

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  Nanometer (nm) measures very small lengths at the nanoscale

  
  
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  Square nanometer (nm²) measures extremely small areas

  
  
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  Common in nanotechnology, materials science, and molecular biology

  
  

Micrometer and Square Micrometer – A Short Note

A micrometer (symbol: µm), also called a micron, is a unit of length in the metric system equal to:

1 micrometer = 10⁻⁶ meters

Micrometers are commonly used to measure things too small to see with the naked eye but larger than atoms—such as cells, bacteria, and fine particles. For example, a typical human hair is about 50 to 100 micrometers thick.

A square micrometer (symbol: µm²) is a unit of area representing a square with sides one micrometer long:

1 µm² = (10⁻⁶ m) × (10⁻⁶ m) = 10⁻¹² m²

Square micrometers are used to describe microscopic surface areas, such as the surface of cells, microchips, or materials under a microscope.

In summary:

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  Micrometer (µm) measures small lengths visible under microscopes

  
  
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  Square micrometer (µm²) measures tiny areas at the microscopic scale

  
  
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  Widely used in biology, material science, and engineering