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Furlong


A furlong is a traditional unit of distance used primarily in agriculture and horse racing. It is equal to 220 yards, 660 feet, or 1/8 of a mile (approximately 201.168 meters).


The word "furlong" comes from the Old English words furh (furrow) and lang (long), originally referring to the length of a furrow in a 10-acre field. It was historically used in England to measure field lengths for plowing.


In modern times, the furlong is rarely used outside of horse racing, where race distances are still often given in furlongs, especially in the United Kingdom and the United States.


Conversions:



  • 1 furlong = 660 feet



  • 1 furlong = 220 yards



  • 1 furlong ≈ 201.168 meters



  • 8 furlongs = 1 mile



Although considered outdated for most uses, the furlong remains a culturally significant unit in some specific fields.


X-unit


The X-unit (symbol: xu) is a very small unit of length used primarily to measure wavelengths of X-rays and gamma rays. It was introduced in the early 20th century for precision measurements in X-ray crystallography.



  • 1 X-unit ≈ 0.1 picometers (pm) or 10⁻¹³ meters



  • It allows scientists to express extremely small wavelengths typical of X-rays, which are on the order of atomic spacing



  • The exact definition has varied historically, but the unit remains useful for comparing wavelengths in X-ray spectroscopy and crystallography



Though largely replaced by the picometer or ångström in modern usage, the X-unit played a crucial role in early developments of atomic-scale measurement.




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