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Micrometer


A micrometer (µm), also called a micron, is an extremely small unit of length in the metric system. It is equal to one-millionth of a meter (0.000001 meters). Micrometers are used to measure tiny objects that are invisible to the naked eye, such as bacteria, cells, or the thickness of a human hair (which is about 50 to 70 micrometers thick). The symbol for micrometer is "µm". This unit is very important in science, engineering, and manufacturing where precise measurements are needed at microscopic scales. Because it is so small, the micrometer helps scientists study the details of very small structures.


X-unit


The X-unit (symbol: xu) is a very small unit of length used primarily to measure wavelengths of X-rays and gamma rays. It was introduced in the early 20th century for precision measurements in X-ray crystallography.



  • 1 X-unit ≈ 0.1 picometers (pm) or 10⁻¹³ meters



  • It allows scientists to express extremely small wavelengths typical of X-rays, which are on the order of atomic spacing



  • The exact definition has varied historically, but the unit remains useful for comparing wavelengths in X-ray spectroscopy and crystallography



Though largely replaced by the picometer or ångström in modern usage, the X-unit played a crucial role in early developments of atomic-scale measurement.




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