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Kilometer and Square Kilometer – A Short Note
A kilometer (symbol: km) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to:
1 kilometer = 1,000 meters
Kilometers are commonly used to measure long distances, such as the length between cities, the distance traveled by vehicles, or the size of large geographical features.
A square kilometer (symbol: km²) is a unit of area representing a square that is one kilometer long on each side:
1 km² = (1,000 m) × (1,000 m) = 1,000,000 m²
Square kilometers are widely used to measure large surface areas, like the size of cities, countries, forests, or lakes.
In summary:
Kilometer (km) measures long lengths or distances
Square kilometer (km²) measures large areas
Commonly used in geography, travel, and land measurement
Nanometer and Square Nanometer – A Short Note
A nanometer (symbol: nm) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to:
1 nanometer = 10⁻⁹ meters
Nanometers are widely used to measure things at the molecular and atomic scale, such as the size of molecules, wavelengths of light, and features in nanotechnology. For example, the diameter of a DNA molecule is about 2 nanometers.
A square nanometer (symbol: nm²) is a unit of area, representing a square with each side one nanometer long:
1 nm² = (10⁻⁹ m) × (10⁻⁹ m) = 10⁻¹⁸ m²
Square nanometers are used to describe very small surface areas, such as the surface of nanoparticles or thin films.
In summary:
Nanometer (nm) measures very small lengths at the nanoscale
Square nanometer (nm²) measures extremely small areas
Common in nanotechnology, materials science, and molecular biology