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Fermi


A fermi is a unit of length used in nuclear physics to measure extremely small distances, such as the size of atomic nuclei. It is equal to 1 femtometer (fm), which is 10⁻¹⁵ meters.


The unit is named after the Italian physicist Enrico Fermi, known for his work in nuclear physics.


Key facts:



  • 1 fermi = 1 femtometer = 10⁻¹⁵ meters



  • Used to measure nuclear dimensions and particle sizes



  • Essential in the study of nuclear and particle physics



The fermi is vital for describing distances at the subatomic scale, much smaller than atoms and molecules.


X-unit


The X-unit (symbol: xu) is a very small unit of length used primarily to measure wavelengths of X-rays and gamma rays. It was introduced in the early 20th century for precision measurements in X-ray crystallography.



  • 1 X-unit ≈ 0.1 picometers (pm) or 10⁻¹³ meters



  • It allows scientists to express extremely small wavelengths typical of X-rays, which are on the order of atomic spacing



  • The exact definition has varied historically, but the unit remains useful for comparing wavelengths in X-ray spectroscopy and crystallography



Though largely replaced by the picometer or ångström in modern usage, the X-unit played a crucial role in early developments of atomic-scale measurement.




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