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Gigameter


A gigameter (Gm) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to 1 billion meters (1 Gm = 10⁹ meters). Gigameters are used to measure very large distances, often within the solar system. For example, the average distance from Earth to the Sun is about 150 gigameters, or 1 astronomical unit (AU). While not commonly used in everyday life, gigameters are helpful in astronomy and space science to describe distances between planets or other celestial bodies.


Light Year


A light year is a unit of distance used in astronomy to measure how far light travels in one year. Light moves extremely fast—about 299,792 kilometers per second—so in one year, it travels roughly 9.46 trillion kilometers (or about 5.88 trillion miles). Light years help scientists express the huge distances between stars and galaxies. For example, the nearest star to Earth, Proxima Centauri, is about 4.24 light years away. The term “light year” can be confusing because it sounds like a measure of time, but it actually measures distance.



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