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Acceleration Due to Gravity


Acceleration due to gravity is the rate at which an object speeds up as it falls freely toward the Earth due to the force of gravity. It is represented by the symbol ‘g’, and its standard value on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s². This means that for every second an object is in free fall, its velocity increases by 9.8 meters per second.


The SI unit of acceleration due to gravity is meters per second squared (m/s²). This unit expresses how quickly an object’s velocity changes while falling under the influence of gravity.


The value of g can vary slightly based on location — it is a bit lower at the equator and higher at the poles due to Earth's shape and rotation.


This concept is fundamental in understanding free fall, projectile motion, and satellite orbits, making it an essential part of physics and real-world applications.


Micrometer and Square Micrometer – A Short Note


A micrometer (symbol: µm), also called a micron, is a unit of length in the metric system equal to:


1 micrometer = 10⁻⁶ meters


Micrometers are commonly used to measure things too small to see with the naked eye but larger than atoms—such as cells, bacteria, and fine particles. For example, a typical human hair is about 50 to 100 micrometers thick.


A square micrometer (symbol: µm²) is a unit of area representing a square with sides one micrometer long:


1 µm² = (10⁻⁶ m) × (10⁻⁶ m) = 10⁻¹² m²


Square micrometers are used to describe microscopic surface areas, such as the surface of cells, microchips, or materials under a microscope.


In summary:



  • Micrometer (µm) measures small lengths visible under microscopes



  • Square micrometer (µm²) measures tiny areas at the microscopic scale



  • Widely used in biology, material science, and engineering




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