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Galileo (Unit) – A Short Note
The galileo (symbol: Gal) is a unit of acceleration used mainly in the field of geophysics, especially gravimetry, which measures the Earth's gravitational field.
One galileo is defined as:
1 Gal = 1 centimeter per second squared (1 cm/s²)
It is a non-SI (non-International System) unit, named after the Italian scientist Galileo Galilei in honor of his pioneering work on gravity and motion.
Because the Gal is a relatively large unit for precise gravity measurements, smaller subunits are often used:
1 milligal (mGal) = 0.001 Gal
1 microgal (µGal) = 0.000001 Gal
In practical terms, Earth's surface gravity is about 980 Gal, but variations in local gravity fields (due to terrain, density, etc.) are often measured in milligals or microgals.
The galileo unit is essential in geophysical surveys, oil exploration, and earthquake studies.
Kilometer and Square Kilometer – A Short Note
A kilometer (symbol: km) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to:
1 kilometer = 1,000 meters
Kilometers are commonly used to measure long distances, such as the length between cities, the distance traveled by vehicles, or the size of large geographical features.
A square kilometer (symbol: km²) is a unit of area representing a square that is one kilometer long on each side:
1 km² = (1,000 m) × (1,000 m) = 1,000,000 m²
Square kilometers are widely used to measure large surface areas, like the size of cities, countries, forests, or lakes.
In summary:
Kilometer (km) measures long lengths or distances
Square kilometer (km²) measures large areas
Commonly used in geography, travel, and land measurement