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Fathom

A fathom is a unit of length traditionally used to measure the depth of water. It equals 6 feet or approximately 1.8288 meters.

Originating from the Old English word fæðm, meaning "to embrace" or "outstretched arms," the fathom was based on the average distance between a person's outstretched arms. It has been widely used by sailors and navigators to estimate sea depths and underwater distances.

Key facts:

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  1 fathom = 6 feet

  
  
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  1 fathom ≈ 1.8288 meters

  
  
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  1 fathom = 2 yards

  
  

Though modern sonar and electronic instruments now measure depth more precisely, the fathom remains a traditional unit in nautical contexts, especially in maritime charts and historical references.

Ångström

An ångström (symbol: Å) is a unit of length commonly used in physics, chemistry, and biology to measure very small distances, such as atomic and molecular scales. It is equal to 10⁻¹⁰ meters, or 0.1 nanometers (nm).

The unit is named after the Swedish physicist Anders Jonas Ångström, who made significant contributions to spectroscopy.

Key facts:

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  1 ångström = 10⁻¹⁰ meters = 0.1 nanometers

  
  
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  Used to measure atomic and molecular sizes, wavelengths of light, and crystal lattice constants

  
  
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  Common in fields like crystallography, chemistry, and materials science

  
  

Though largely replaced by the nanometer in the SI system, the ångström remains widely used in scientific literature to describe very small lengths.