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Fathom


A fathom is a unit of length traditionally used to measure the depth of water. It equals 6 feet or approximately 1.8288 meters.


Originating from the Old English word fÌðm, meaning "to embrace" or "outstretched arms," the fathom was based on the average distance between a person's outstretched arms. It has been widely used by sailors and navigators to estimate sea depths and underwater distances.


Key facts:



  • 1 fathom = 6 feet



  • 1 fathom ≈ 1.8288 meters



  • 1 fathom = 2 yards



Though modern sonar and electronic instruments now measure depth more precisely, the fathom remains a traditional unit in nautical contexts, especially in maritime charts and historical references.



Hand


A hand is a traditional unit of length primarily used to measure the height of horses. It is equal to 4 inches or 10.16 centimeters.


The origin of the hand as a measurement comes from using the width of a human hand, and it has been standardized at 4 inches for consistency in horse measurement. Horse height is expressed in "hands," measured from the ground to the highest point of the withers (the ridge between the shoulder blades).


Key points:



  • 1 hand = 4 inches



  • 1 hand = 10.16 centimeters



  • Used mainly for measuring horse height



  • Horse height is often given in hands and inches, e.g., 15.2 hands means 15 hands plus 2 inches



The hand remains the standard unit for horse height in many English-speaking countries.



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