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Hand


A hand is a traditional unit of length primarily used to measure the height of horses. It is equal to 4 inches or 10.16 centimeters.


The origin of the hand as a measurement comes from using the width of a human hand, and it has been standardized at 4 inches for consistency in horse measurement. Horse height is expressed in "hands," measured from the ground to the highest point of the withers (the ridge between the shoulder blades).


Key points:



  • 1 hand = 4 inches



  • 1 hand = 10.16 centimeters



  • Used mainly for measuring horse height



  • Horse height is often given in hands and inches, e.g., 15.2 hands means 15 hands plus 2 inches



The hand remains the standard unit for horse height in many English-speaking countries.


Earth’s Distance from the Sun


The average distance between the Earth and the Sun is known as an Astronomical Unit (AU).



  • It is approximately 149.6 million kilometers (about 93 million miles).



  • This distance varies slightly throughout the year because Earth’s orbit is elliptical—closest at perihelion (~147.1 million km) and farthest at aphelion (~152.1 million km).



  • The astronomical unit is a fundamental standard for measuring distances within our solar system.



Key facts:



  • Average distance ≈ 149.6 million km (1 AU)



  • Varies due to elliptical orbit



  • Basis for measuring planetary distances



Understanding Earth’s distance from the Sun is essential for studying seasons, climate, and orbital mechanics.



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