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Picometer and Square Picometer – A Short Note

A picometer (symbol: pm) is a metric unit of length equal to:

1 picometer = 10⁻¹² meters

It is used to measure extremely small distances, typically at the atomic and molecular scale. For example, the diameter of a hydrogen atom is about 50–120 picometers. Scientists use picometers in fields like chemistry, nanotechnology, and physics to describe the size of atoms, chemical bonds, and tiny structures.

A square picometer (symbol: pm²) is a unit of area, representing a square with each side one picometer long:

1 pm² = (10⁻¹² m) × (10⁻¹² m) = 10⁻²⁴ m²

This unit is used to express extremely small surface areas, such as the cross-sectional area of atoms or molecules.

In summary:

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  Picometer (pm) measures ultra-small lengths

  
  
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  Square picometer (pm²) measures extremely small areas

  
  
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  Common in nanoscience, chemistry, and quantum physics

  
  

Micrometer and Square Micrometer – A Short Note

A micrometer (symbol: µm), also called a micron, is a unit of length in the metric system equal to:

1 micrometer = 10⁻⁶ meters

Micrometers are commonly used to measure things too small to see with the naked eye but larger than atoms—such as cells, bacteria, and fine particles. For example, a typical human hair is about 50 to 100 micrometers thick.

A square micrometer (symbol: µm²) is a unit of area representing a square with sides one micrometer long:

1 µm² = (10⁻⁶ m) × (10⁻⁶ m) = 10⁻¹² m²

Square micrometers are used to describe microscopic surface areas, such as the surface of cells, microchips, or materials under a microscope.

In summary:

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  Micrometer (µm) measures small lengths visible under microscopes

  
  
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  Square micrometer (µm²) measures tiny areas at the microscopic scale

  
  
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  Widely used in biology, material science, and engineering