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Chain (US Survey)


The US survey chain is a unit of length used historically in land surveying in the United States. It is defined as exactly 66 US survey feet, which is slightly longer than the international foot. Since one US survey foot equals about 0.3048006096 meters, the US survey chain is approximately 20.11684 meters long.


Like the standard chain, it is divided into 100 links, each measuring 0.66 US survey feet. The US survey chain was widely used in the Public Land Survey System to measure land parcels and boundaries.


Key facts:



  • 1 US survey chain = 66 US survey feet



  • 1 US survey chain β‰ˆ 20.11684 meters



  • 10 US survey chains = 1 furlong



  • 80 US survey chains = 1 US survey mile



Though the US survey foot and chain are being phased out in favor of international units, the US survey chain still appears in historical land records and some legal contexts.


Caliber


Caliber is a term used to describe the internal diameter of a cylindrical object, most commonly the inside diameter of a gun barrel or firearm bore. It is typically measured in inches or millimeters.



  • In firearms, caliber indicates the diameter of the bullet or projectile that can be fired from the barrel (e.g., a .45 caliber means the barrel’s internal diameter is 0.45 inches).



  • In other contexts, such as engineering or piping, caliber can refer more generally to the diameter or thickness of tubes or cylindrical objects.



Key points:



  • Caliber = internal diameter of a barrel or tube



  • Measured in inches or millimeters



  • Important for firearm specifications and ammunition compatibility



  • Also used in engineering and manufacturing



Caliber is crucial for matching ammunition to firearms and for defining performance characteristics like velocity and accuracy.




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