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Kilogram-Force Centimeter [kgf·cm]

Kilogram-force centimeter (kgf·cm) is a unit of torque or moment of force that measures rotational force by applying a force of one kilogram-force (kgf) at a distance of one centimeter (cm) from a pivot point. This unit is widely used in mechanical engineering, instrument calibration, and small machinery design, where moderate torque values need to be measured with precision.

The kilogram-force (kgf) itself is a unit of force based on the gravitational force exerted by one kilogram of mass, making kgf·cm intuitive for practical applications involving mechanical components and assemblies. It is especially common in industries dealing with small to medium-sized torques, such as automotive, robotics, and manufacturing sectors.

Though the newton-meter (N·m) is the official SI unit of torque, kgf·cm remains popular in many settings due to historical use and convenience when working with forces in kilograms and distances in centimeters. For conversion, 1 kgf·cm is approximately 0.09807 newton-meters.

Using kilogram-force centimeters helps engineers and technicians accurately control and specify torque levels, preventing damage and ensuring optimal performance of mechanical systems.

Kilogram-Force Millimeter [kgf·mm]

Kilogram-force millimeter (kgf·mm) is a unit of torque or moment of force used to quantify small rotational forces where the force is expressed in kilogram-force (kgf) and the distance in millimeters (mm). It represents the torque generated when a force of one kilogram-force is applied at a lever arm length of one millimeter from the pivot point.

This unit is commonly employed in fields such as mechanical engineering, precision instrument calibration, and small machinery design. It is especially useful for measuring or specifying torque in devices requiring fine control over small rotational forces, such as torque on small bolts, delicate mechanical assemblies, or calibration of torque wrenches.

While the standard SI unit for torque is the newton-meter (N·m), kgf·mm provides a convenient scale in applications where the metric system is preferred but the force is expressed in kilogram-force due to historical or practical reasons. For reference, 1 kgf·mm is approximately equal to 9.80665 × 10⁻³ newton-meters.

Using kilogram-force millimeters allows for precise torque measurement in contexts where small-scale torque values are critical to ensure proper assembly and operation of mechanical systems.