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Bohr Radius


The Bohr radius is a fundamental physical constant that represents the average distance between the nucleus and the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state, according to the Bohr model of the atom.



  • Its value is approximately 5.29177 × 10⁻¹¹ meters (about 0.529 angstroms).



  • Named after physicist Niels Bohr, who introduced the model in 1913.



  • It sets a natural length scale in atomic physics and quantum mechanics.



  • Used to describe atomic sizes and electron orbitals.



Key facts:



  • Bohr radius ≈ 5.29 × 10⁻¹¹ m



  • Represents the typical size of a hydrogen atom’s electron orbit



  • Fundamental to quantum physics and atomic structure



The Bohr radius is essential for understanding atomic dimensions and quantum behavior of electrons.



Handbreadth


A handbreadth is a traditional unit of length based on the width of a human hand, typically measured from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger when the hand is fully extended. It was commonly used in ancient and medieval times for everyday measurements.



  • The handbreadth is generally about 3 to 4 inches (approximately 7.5 to 10 centimeters), though the exact length could vary by culture and era.



  • It served as a practical, easy-to-use measure in tailoring, construction, and daily life before standardized units were established.



  • The handbreadth is one of several body-based units, like the span and palm, reflecting how humans used their own bodies for measuring.



Summary:



  • About 3 to 4 inches (7.5 to 10 cm)



  • Based on the width of an extended hand



  • Used historically in various cultures



  • Practical for informal, everyday measurement



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