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Bohr Radius

The Bohr radius is a fundamental physical constant that represents the average distance between the nucleus and the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state, according to the Bohr model of the atom.

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  Its value is approximately 5.29177 × 10⁻¹¹ meters (about 0.529 angstroms).

  
  
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  Named after physicist Niels Bohr, who introduced the model in 1913.

  
  
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  It sets a natural length scale in atomic physics and quantum mechanics.

  
  
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  Used to describe atomic sizes and electron orbitals.

  
  

Key facts:

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  Bohr radius ≈ 5.29 × 10⁻¹¹ m

  
  
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  Represents the typical size of a hydrogen atom’s electron orbit

  
  
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  Fundamental to quantum physics and atomic structure

  
  

The Bohr radius is essential for understanding atomic dimensions and quantum behavior of electrons.

Planck Length

The Planck length is the smallest meaningful unit of length in physics, representing a fundamental scale at which classical ideas about gravity and space-time break down and quantum effects dominate.

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  It is defined as approximately 1.616 × 10⁻³⁵ meters.

  
  
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  The Planck length is derived from fundamental constants: the speed of light, Planck’s constant, and the gravitational constant.

  
  
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  It sets a theoretical limit below which the very concepts of space and distance may lose conventional meaning.

  
  
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  Used mainly in theories of quantum gravity and string theory.

  
  

Key facts:

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  1 Planck length ≈ 1.616 × 10⁻³⁵ m

  
  
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  Smallest scale in quantum physics and cosmology

  
  
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  Represents a scale where quantum effects of gravity become significant

  
  

The Planck length is crucial for understanding the fabric of the universe at its most fundamental level.