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Gal – A Short Note

The Gal (symbol: Gal) is a unit of acceleration used primarily in geophysics and gravimetry to measure gravitational acceleration. It is named after Galileo Galilei, the famous Italian scientist who studied motion and gravity.

The Gal is defined as:

1 Gal = 1 centimeter per second squared (1 cm/s²)

This means an object accelerating at 1 Gal gains 1 cm/s in speed every second.

Because the Gal is relatively large for precise measurements, smaller units are commonly used:

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  1 milligal (mGal) = 0.001 Gal

  
  
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  1 microgal (µGal) = 0.000001 Gal

  
  

Earth’s gravity at the surface is approximately 980 Gal, but geophysicists often measure small variations in gravity, so they typically use milligals or microgals.

The Gal is not an SI unit, but it is widely used in scientific fields related to the Earth, such as seismology, mining, and oil exploration.

Centimeter and Square Centimeter – A Short Note

A centimeter (symbol: cm) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to:

1 centimeter = 10⁻² meters (0.01 meters)

Centimeters are widely used to measure everyday objects like the length of a pencil, the width of a book, or the height of a small plant.

A square centimeter (symbol: cm²) is a unit of area that represents a square with sides one centimeter long:

1 cm² = (10⁻² m) × (10⁻² m) = 10⁻⁴ m²

Square centimeters are commonly used to measure surface areas of small objects, like the size of a photograph, a piece of fabric, or the area of a label.

In summary:

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  Centimeter (cm) measures lengths at a human-scale level

  
  
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  Square centimeter (cm²) measures areas of small to medium-sized surfaces

  
  
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  Used frequently in education, crafts, science, and everyday measurements